The planetary reducer is a transmission mechanism that needs to transmit torque to the working machine through the shaft and bearings, so the relationship between transmission efficiency and quality is directly related to the bearing, and the sliding quality and life of the bearing will affect the planetary reducer. overall quality and performance.The bearing has the following functions in the planetary reducer: ① prevent the loss of lubricating oil when the gear is used inside the bearing, and ensure that the bearing is in a lubricated state; ② prevent the dust or harmful gas outside the bearing from entering the inner cavity of the bearing, and prevent the bearing from being damaged; ③ can support the rotation between gear shafts or connecting rods.
The following focuses on the analysis of the impact of bearing water on the planetary reducer bearings.
1. Corrosion and oil emulsification: Water directly erodes the bearing surface to form iron oxide.Water together with acid in the oil (generated by the presence of water) raises the corrosion potential and increases galvanic corrosion of bearings.Rust and corrosion cause rapid surface deterioration when abrasive particles appear on metal surfaces.Abrasion of a metallic rust surface exposes the base metal, which is more susceptible to corrosion in the presence of water and acids.Etching and pitting due to corrosion on the bearing raceways and rolling elements destroy the oil film structure, causing bearing contact fatigue and wear.Water promotes the emulsification of the oil. After the oil is emulsified, it will not only reduce the lubrication effect but also bring serious consequences, such as: the emulsion may break the oil film in the bearing and other parts, increase the friction and cause the bearing to overheat, etc.
2. Destroy the oil film strength.Rolling element bearings rely on the viscosity of the oil to create a critical clearance to carry the load.The oil film is able to carry extremely high loads because the viscosity of lubricating oil increases with pressure, a property that water does not have.Therefore, when a small drop of water is brought into the load area, the oil film gap will be lost, and collision or dry friction will occur, resulting in the possibility of fatigue cracks, pits and spalling in the rolling contact surface.Water can flash or burst into superheated steam in the load area, which can rapidly destroy the oil film and cause potential fracture surfaces, deteriorating the lubrication effect.Water pollution also increases the ability of oil to entrain air, thereby increasing the air pockets in the oil, weakening the oil film, causing oxidation, and causing local surface fatigue and corrosion.
3. Hydrogen embrittlement.Under certain conditions, water is decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen atoms under the high pressure generated in the load zone of rolling bearings, and hydrogen is produced during hydrolysis and corrosion.Hydrogen generated during the process can be absorbed into the surface of the bearing raceway, leading to deterioration of the bearing material properties.After a bearing has been attacked by hydrogen, the material beneath its raceway surface is prone to cracking, and when some cracks propagate to the surface, pitting and spalling can result.Due to additives (extreme pressure additives, antiwear additives, etc.), sulphides in lubricating oils and the environment accelerate crack formation.
Through the above analysis, it is known that the water entering the bearing will have a great impact on the bearing of the planetary reducer. Therefore, it is considered that water must be prevented from entering the bearing, so as to ensure the safe and stable operation of the bearing of the planetary reducer.
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