The following types of materials can be used to improve the transmission efficiency of the reducer:
Gear material
High-quality alloy steel: such as 20CrMnTi, 40Cr and other alloy steels, after heat treatment such as quenching and tempering, they have high strength, high hardness and good wear resistance. It can withstand large loads, reduce deformation and wear of gears during transmission, and thus improve transmission efficiency. For example, 20CrMnTi steel is often used to make high-speed heavy-load gears. The tooth surface hardness after carburization and quenching can reach HRC58-62 and the core hardness is HRC30-45. While ensuring the strength of the gear, energy loss is reduced.
Powder metallurgy materials: It has high density and precision, and can produce gears of complex shapes. Its internal structure is uniform and its porosity can be controlled. It can improve lubricating performance through oil immersion and other treatments, reduce friction loss, and thus improve transmission efficiency. Moreover, the material utilization rate and relatively low cost during the production process of powder metallurgy gears.
Bearing material
Rolling bearing steel: such as GCr15, etc., has high hardness, wear resistance and contact fatigue strength. Rolling bearings are made of this material, which can support the rotation of the gear shaft with a smaller friction torque, reduce the proportion of energy loss on the bearing friction, and help improve the transmission efficiency of the reducer. At the same time, good dimensional stability and corrosion resistance also ensure the stability of the bearing's performance during long-term operation.
High-performance ceramic materials: such as silicon nitride (Si₃N₄), silicon carbide (SiC), etc., which have the advantages of high hardness, low density, small thermal expansion coefficient, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance. When used to manufacture bearings, the rolling friction coefficient of the bearing can be reduced, heat generation and energy loss can be reduced, especially in harsh working conditions such as high speed and high temperature, which can significantly improve the transmission efficiency and reliability of the reducer. However, the high cost of ceramic bearings limits their large-scale application.
Lubricating materials
Synthetic lubricating oil: Synthetic lubricating oil is a base oil prepared by chemical synthesis method and added with a variety of additives. It has good viscosity-temperature properties, anti-oxidation properties and low friction coefficient. For example, polyα-olefin (PAO) synthetic oil can maintain good fluidity at low temperatures and is not prone to oxidation and deterioration at high temperatures. It can form a uniform oil film on the gears and bearing surfaces, effectively reducing friction and improving transmission efficiency.
Solid lubricating materials: such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), graphite, etc., can form a solid lubricating film on the surface of gears and bearings, which can reduce friction and wear resistance. In some special operating conditions, such as high temperature, high load or in environments with lack of liquid lubrication, solid lubricating materials can play an important role, helping to maintain the transmission efficiency of the reducer. In addition, solid lubricating materials can be combined with other materials, such as making grease containing molybdenum disulfide to improve lubrication effect.
