Gear reducers usually consist of basic components such as box, gear, shaft, bearing, bearing end cover, bolts and nuts. Some reducers may also include some accessories, such as inspection holes, ventilators, positioning pins, oil surface indicators, oil drain screws, box opening screws, etc. The following is a detailed introduction to each part:
Box and box cover
Function: The box and the box cover are the support and containment parts of the transmission parts in the reducer. They bear pressure and require good stiffness, vibration damping and sealing to ensure the normal operation of the reducer.
Materials and manufacturing technology: When single-piece small batch production, grey cast iron material (HTl50 or HT200) can be used to cast and form by hand molding; carbon structural steel (Q235A) can also be used to weld by manual arc welding. During mass production, gray cast iron is generally used and cast to form a shape using machine molding.
gear
Function: Gears are one of the most important transmission parts in the reducer. Gears of different teeth mesh with each other to achieve reduction and torque increase.
Materials and manufacturing technology: Medium carbon steel (such as 45 steel) is generally used. After heat treatment processes such as forging, normalizing, and tempering, the strength and toughness of the gear are improved, and then the surface treatments such as cutting and tooth surface quenching are carried out to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the tooth surface.
Shaft and gear shaft
Function: The shaft and gear shaft are key parts that transmit power and motion in the reducer. The shaft part is subject to the combined action of bending moment and torque, and requires good comprehensive mechanical properties.
Materials and manufacturing technology: When producing a single piece, it can be made by free forging or tire die forging, or it can be turned from a round steel rod of medium carbon steel. During mass production, medium-carbon steel die forging is usually used to form.
Rolling bearings
Function: Rolling bearings are used to support shafts and gears, withstand radial and axial compressive stresses, require high strength and wear resistance, ensure smooth operation of the shaft, and reduce friction and wear.
Materials and manufacturing technology: Rolling bearings are standard parts, and their inner and outer rings are generally forged with reaming and forging of rolling bearing steel (GCrl5), the balls are spiral inclined rolling, and the cage is stamped with high-quality carbon structural steel (08 steel).
