The core structure of worm gear reducers is the meshing transmission of 'worm + worm gear'. However, different models (such as standard horizontal WP series, vertical RV series, large CW series, micro WJ series) have different focus, tools and key indicators of inspection methods due to differences in design positioning (load, speed, installation scene). The following sorts out the core differences in inspection methods according to 'model classification', and also clarifies common basic inspections to help accurately locate faults:
1. First make it clear: 'Common basic inspection' of all models (must do)
Regardless of the type of worm gear reducer, the inspection logic for operating status and basic performance is the same. The following 4 basic inspections need to be completed first, and then deepened based on the model characteristics:
1. Appearance and sealing inspection
Core: Observe whether there are cracks or oil leakage in the shell (shaft end seal, box joint surface), high humidity/dust environment requires additional inspection to see if the anti-rust coating has fallen off;
Tools: flashlight, paper towel (wipe the shaft end to detect oil leakage);
Qualification standards: no obvious cracks, no more than 1 drop of oil leakage within 24 hours, and no aging and deformation of seals (such as lip seals).
2. Oil temperature and temperature rise inspection
Core: The worm gear has sliding friction and is prone to heat. It is necessary to monitor whether the oil temperature exceeds the safe range (usually ≤80°C, and ≤90°C when the ambient temperature is ≥35°C);
Tools: Infrared thermometer (measures the surface temperature of the box and indirectly reflects the oil temperature, with an error of ±3°C), oil thermometer (some large models have built-in oil temperature sensors);
Qualification standard: temperature rise (oil temperature - ambient temperature) ≤ 40°C, no 'sudden temperature rise' (if the temperature exceeds 10°C within 1 hour, the machine needs to be shut down for inspection).
3.Noise and vibration inspection
Core: Determine the meshing status through noise. Abnormal noises are mostly 'harsh friction sound' (insufficient lubrication) and 'impact sound' (foreign matter or wear);
Tools: Noise meter (measured 1 meter away from the cabinet, ordinary model ≤ 85dB (A), micro model ≤ 75dB (A)), hand-touch vibration (to sense whether there is 'high-frequency jitter');
Qualification standards: The noise is stable without sudden changes, and the vibration amplitude is ≤0.1mm (a dial indicator can be used to assist measurement).
4. Lubrication status check
Core: Check the lubricating oil level (oil gauge or dipstick) and oil quality (color, impurities). Sliding friction is highly dependent on lubrication;
Tools: oil level gauge, sampling bottle (take a small amount of oil to observe);
Qualification criteria: the oil level is between the 'upper and lower limits', the oil quality is transparent and non-turbid (emulsification is milky white, and contains metal debris and needs to be replaced immediately), and the oil type matches (usually medium-load industrial gear oil L-CKC 220# or 320#, 150# is selected for low-temperature environments).
