The reducer is a component that transmits power. Its working principle is to use the transmission device of the gear to reduce the number of revolutions and obtain a larger torque.
There are many types of reducers, which can be divided into gear reducers, worm reducers, planetary reducers and their combined reducers according to the transmission form, can be divided into single-stage and multi-stage reducers according to the number of transmissions, and can be divided into cylindrical according to the gear shape. Gear reducers, bevel gear reducers and bevel gear reducers can be divided into expansion type, shunt type and coaxial type reducer according to the transmission mode.
1. The bearing of the reducer
Part of the reducer is the reducer bearing, which supports the rotating gear shaft or connecting rod.It is precisely because of the existence of the reducer bearing that the reducer can run and work normally.There are many types of reducer bearings, commonly used rolling bearings and cylindrical roller bearings.
The reducer is mainly composed of transmission parts, shafts, bearings, boxes and accessories.Its basic layout has three elements: box body, gear, shaft and bearing combination, and reducer attachment.
2. Gear shaft
The combination of gears, shafts and bearings, the pinion and the shaft are combined into one, called the gear shaft.This arrangement is used when the diameter of the gear is not closely related to the diameter of the shaft.If the shaft diameter is d, the diameter of the root circle of the gear is df, and this arrangement should be selected when df-d≤6～7mn.And when df-d>6 ~ 7mn, choose the arrangement of gear and shaft separation, such as low-speed shaft and large gear.At this time, the gear and the shaft are connected with a circumferentially fixed flat key, and the parts on the shaft are axially fixed by the shaft shoulder, the shaft sleeve and the bearing cover.Both shafts use deep groove ball bearings.This combination is used to withstand radial loads and small axial loads.
When the axial load is large, it is advisable to use angular contact ball bearings, tapered roller bearings or a combination of deep groove ball bearings and thrust bearings.Use the thin oil splashed when the gear rotates to lubricate the bearings.The lubricating oil from the oil pool in the tank seat splashes through the rotating gear on the inner wall of the tank cover, flows along the inner wall to the groove on the surface of the auxiliary oil tank, and flows into the inner groove of the bearing through the oil guide.When the peripheral speed of the oil-immersed gear is u≤2m/s, it is advisable to use lubricating grease lubricating bearings. In order to prevent thin oil from splashing away the lubricating grease, oil retaining rings can be used to separate them.In order to avoid the loss of lubricating oil and the entry of external dust into the box,
3. Cabinet
The box body is an important part of the reducer.It is the foundation of the transmission part and should have the required strength and rigidity.Enclosures are usually made of gray cast iron, although cast steel enclosures are also available for heavy duty or shock loaded reducers.In order to simplify the process and reduce the cost, the single-manufactured reducer can use a box body welded by steel plates.
Gray cast iron has good casting performance and vibration damping function.In order to facilitate the loading and unloading of shafting components, the box is cut horizontally along the axis.The upper cover and the lower box are fixed together with bolts.The connecting bolts of the shell should be as close as possible to the shell hole, and the boss close to the shell should have a suitable support surface to place the connecting bolts and ensure the wrench space required for tightening the bolts.To ensure satisfactory rigidity of the housing, support ribs are added near the bearing holes.In order to ensure the stability of the reducer on the foundation and reduce the processing area of the bottom of the box as much as possible, the bottom of the box usually does not choose a perfect plane
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