Brief introduction and type selection analysis of reducer

1、 Principle and classification of reducer

The reducer plays the role of matching speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover, working machine or actuator. It is a relatively precise machine, whose purpose is to reduce speed and increase torque. According to different transmission levels, it can be divided into single-stage and multi-stage reducers; According to the shape of gear, it can be divided into cylindrical gear reducer, conical gear reducer and conical cylindrical tooth idler reducer; According to the transmission layout, it can be divided into deployable, split flow and coaxial reducers. The reducer is an independent part of gear transmission, worm transmission and gear worm transmission, which is usually used as a reducer between the driving part and the working machine. It is widely used for matching speed and transmitting torque between prime movers, working machines or actuators.

Common reducers include gear reducer, worm reducer, reducer composed of gear and worm, cycloidal pin gear reducer, etc. The transmission principle of the first three types of reducers is to use the relationship between the number of teeth and the speed product line to reduce speed by using the number of teeth of the gear or turbine (gear transmission at all levels is used to reduce speed, which is composed of gears at all levels; for example, small gears and large gears can achieve a certain reduction purpose, while multi-stage gears can greatly reduce speed. For large torque and low-speed equipment, the number of teeth ratio is the transmission ratio). Cycloidal pin gear reducer is a kind of planetary cycloidal transmission.

2、 Precautions for reducer operation

1. Hammering is strictly prohibited during assembly: the shaft cannot withstand axial hammering, and the screw hole at the shaft end can be used to screw in the screw compression joint.

2. The vent cap must be installed to ensure that the gas is discharged during operation, otherwise the internal gas will damage the oil seal and cause oil leakage.

3. Change the engine oil in time after 300-400 hours of initial operation. Generally speaking, the new oil shall be replaced every 5000 hours or every year for the reducer with long-term continuous operation. The reducer that has been shut down for a long time shall also be replaced with new oil before re operation. The reducer shall be filled with oil of the same brand as the original one, and shall not be mixed with oil of different brands. It is allowed to mix oils of the same brand and different viscosities.

4. Check the oil seal and gearbox temperature. During operation, when the oil temperature rises by more than. Stop using when the temperature is 80 ℃ or the oil temperature exceeds 100 ℃ and abnormal noise is generated. Check the cause, eliminate the fault, and replace the lubricating oil before continuing to operate.

3、 Reducer selection

1. When choosing a good brand, pay attention to the internal brand and quality of bearings, gears, oil seals, etc. For example, the effective service life of the bearing shall not be less than 50000H.

2. Select good design and working conditions. The mechanical power rating of the reducer shall be equal to or greater than the product of the motor nameplate power and service factor. The heating power of the reducer shall be equal to or greater than the product of the motor nameplate power and service factor. We recommend that the service factor of all reducers be no less than 1.6. In addition, the continuous operating temperature of the reducer is not higher than 70 ℃.

3. Noise requirements: when the reducer is operating with full load, the noise at 1m around shall not be higher than 70db (A)

4. Supporting facilities, including high-voltage motor, coupling and connection mode, relevant monitoring devices, including axle temperature alarm, large reducer flow switch, circulating cooling, service motor supporting facilities, etc.

5. The safety factor of core equipment such as DT, DC and leaching reducer shall not be less than 2.5, and the safety factor of important equipment (shutdown equipment) including conveying equipment in leaching workshop (including rotary valve), pretreatment bending scraper, elevator, pre compressor reducer, etc. shall not be less than 2.0.

6. Reasonably purchase and stock spare parts.